Don’t look at either of these concepts in the context of good or bad – extract them from those qualities. Neither concept requires a pretext of right or wrong.
Justice and mercy work together. They are sovereign.
Judgment and grace work together. They are not sovereign.
Justice determines what one fairly deserves. Justice does not touch the observed thing; justice is not manipulated; justice sovereignly discovers a fair assessment. Once the fair assessment is determined, mercy may be applied.
Judgment is giving one what they fairly deserve. Judgment touches the thing being observed; judgment can be manipulated. Once the judgment process begins, the recipient may plea with the judge and receive grace.
John 3:18 “The one who believes in Him is not judged; the one who does not believe has been judged already because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.”
Ephesians 2:8 “For by grace you have been saved through faith; and this is not of yourselves, it is the gift of God;”
A Recovering Legalist 